Comparison of Multiloc humeral intramedullary nail system and proximal humeral internal locking system in treatment of adult proximal humeral fractures / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective:To compare the efficacy between Multiloc humeral intramedullary nail system (Multiloc) and proximal humerus internal locking system (PHILOS) in the treatment of adult proximal humeral fractures.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted of the 83 adult patients with proximal humeral fracture who had been treated at Trauma Center, The Second People's Hospital of Changzhou from August 2018 to March 2021. They were 33 males and 50 females, with 45 left sides and 38 right sides injured. By the Neer classification, there were 48 two-part, 22 three-part and 13 four-part fractures. The patients were assigned into 2 groups according to different treatments: an observation group ( n=41) receiving treatment by Multiloc and a control group ( n=42) receiving treatment by PHILOS. The 2 groups were compared in terms of humeral neck shaft angles and visual analogue scale (VAS) pain scores preoperation and one month postoperation, Neer shoulder function score at the last follow-up, and incidence of adverse reactions. Results:The preoperative general data showed no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups, indicating the groups were comparable ( P>0.05). The humeral neck shaft angle (127.4°±3.6°) was recovered significantly better and the VAS pain score (1.3±0.3) was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group (129.6°±4.5°,2.1±0.3) one month after operation ( P<0.05). The excellent to good rate by Neer score at the last follow-up (90.24%, 37/41) was significantly higher and the incidence of adverse reactions (2.44%) significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group (71.43%, 30/42 and (19.05%, 8/42) ( P<0.05). Conclusion:In the treatment of adult proximal humeral fractures, compared with PHILOS, the Multiloc system is more effective in improving shoulder joint function, promoting shoulder motion recovery and reducing pain.

Application of 3D printing combined with CBL in the teaching of loose teeth fixation of severe periodontal disease / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of 3D printing periodontal bone defect model of anterior teeth combined with case-based learning (CBL) teaching mode in the standardized residency training of loose teeth fixation.Methods:Sixty general practitioner of stomatology students were equally divided into two groups, with one group receiving CBL teaching (CBL group) and the other group receiving 3D printing model combined CBL teaching (3D+CBL group). After the teaching, the teacher evaluated the overall practice effects, tested the residents' theory and practice scores, and designed a questionnaire to evaluate the teaching effect. SPSS 16.0 software was used for statistical analysis, and t test was used for comparison between the two groups. Results:The theoretical score (89.0±3.2) and the practical score (90.0±2.5) in the 3D+CBL group were significantly higher than the theoretical score (83.3±3.6) and the practical score (84.2±3.5) in the CBL group ( P<0.05). The questionnaire showed that the students of the 3D+CBL group performed significantly better than those in CBL group in the following eight aspects, including mastery of basic periodontal knowledge, professional knowledge of loose teeth fixation, ability to diagnose cases and formulate treatment plans, clinical operation ability, interesting teaching content, willingness to communicate with teachers, awareness of actively receiving patients, and satisfaction of standardized residency training ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The 3D printing periodontal bone defect model of anterior teeth combined with the CBL teaching mode has achieved good results in the teaching of loose teeth fixation, and it provides a reference for the application of 3D printing in clinical teaching for periodontology.

Advances in research on Escherichia coli and pediatric infectious diseases / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Escherichia coli is a common intestinal colonization bacterium in human body.It causes infectious diarrhea if it turns into a pathogenic bacterium under certain conditions.In a few cases, it can cause extraintestinal infections, such as bacterial meningitis, lower respiratory tract infection, biliary tract infection, and urinary tract infection, etc.With the increasing of antibiotic abuse, the pathogenesis of Escherichia coli in different infectious diseases has its own characteristics.The hazards, pathogenesis and treatment progress of different infectious diseases were reviewed in this paper.

A multicenter clinical study on 1 138 cases of invasive pneumococcal disease in children from 2012 to 2017 / 中华儿科杂志

Objective@#To explore the clinical features, the serotype distribution and drug resistance of the isolates in patient with invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD).@*Methods@#By retrieving the laboratory information system in 18 children′s hospitals from 2012 to 2017, the children with IPD were enrolled. Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) must be isolated from the sterile sites (blood, cerebrospinal fluid, hydrothorax and joint effusion etc.). The clinical characteristics, serotype, drug resistance, treatment and prognosis were reviewed and analyzed. According to the telephone follow up results, the patients were divided into death group and recovered group. The index as an independent risk factor of mortality was demonstrated by multivariate logistic regression analysis.@*Results@#There were 1 138 children with IPD, including 684 male and 454 female. The proportion of male to female was 1.5∶1. The age ranged from one day to 16 years. The median age was 1 year 3 month. The majority was under 5 years of age (89.3%, n= 1 016), especially under 2 years of age (61.9%, n=704). In all cases, 88.2% (n=1 004) were community acquired infection. The infections included meningitis (n=446, 39.2%), pneumonia with bacteremia (n=339, 29.8%), and bacteremia without focus (n=232, 20.4%). Underlying diseases were found in 242 cases (21.3%). Co-infections were determined in 62 cases (5.4%) with mycoplasma, 27 cases (2.4%) with adenovirus and 34 cases with influenza virus (3.0%). The penicillin insensitivity (PNSP) rates in meningitis and non-meningitis isolates were 69.5% (276/397) and 35.9% (221/615), respectively. There were 81 strains serotyped, in which 93.8% (76/81) were covered by 13-valent protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccine (PCV13). In the 965 patients who were followed up by phone call, 156 cases (16.2%) were confirmed dead. The independent risk factors for the death were under 2 years of age (OR=2.143, 95%CI 1.284-3.577, P=0.004), meningitis (OR=3.066, 95%CI 1.852-5.074, P<0.01), underlying disease (OR=4.801, 95%CI 2.953-7.804, P<0.01), septic shock(OR=3.542, 95%CI 1.829-6.859, P<0.01), disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) (OR=4.150, 95%CI 1.468-11.733, P=0.007), multiple organ failure (OR=12.693, 95%CI 6.623-24.325, P<0.01) and complications of central nervous system (OR=1.975, 95%CI 1.144-3.410, P=0.015).@*Conclusions@#Most children with IPD were under 5 years of age, having underlying diseases and acquired the infection in community. The independent risk factors for death were under two years old, meningitis, underlying diseases and multiple organ failure. The problem of drug resistance was severe. The universal immunization of PCV13 would be effective to prevent IPD in Chinese children.

Berberine regulates MMPs/TIMP via inhibition of P38 MAPK/NF-κB phosphorylation and anti-inflammation in rat experimental periodontitis / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

ABSTRACT:Objective To investigate the effects of berberine on matrix metalloproteinases/tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs/TIMPs) in rat periodontitis .Methods Adult male Sprague‐Dawley rats were subjected to thread ligation and porphyromonas gingivalis ( P . gingivalis ) inoculation resulting in periodontitis . Berberine [150 mg/(kg · d)] or vehicle was administered by oral gavage for 4 weeks .Alveolar bone loss and soft‐tissue destruction were determined by micro‐computed tomography (μ‐CT) and HE staining .The contents of tumor necrosis factor‐α(TNF‐α) and interleukin‐1β(IL‐1β) of gingival tissue were examined by ELISA .The expressions of MMP‐2 ,MMP‐9 and TIMP‐2 as well as the phosphorylation of P38 MAPK and NF‐κB were determined by Western blot .Results Significant increases were observed in alveolar bone loss and periodontal soft‐tissue destruction with higher levels of TNF‐α, IL‐1β and MMP‐2/9 expressions and the activities of P38 MAPK and NF‐κB in the experiment periodontitis group .Berberine of [150 mg/(kg · d)] not only improved the periodontal tissue and decreased alveolar bone loss ,but also reduced the contents of TNF‐α,IL‐1βand MMP‐2/9 and increased TIMP‐2 .In addition ,berberine inhibited the phosphorylation of P38 MAPK/NF‐κB .Conclusion Berberine protects against periodontal tissue damage via decreasing MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 expressions but increasing TIMP‐2 expression , which may be induced by inhibition of P38 MAPK/NF‐κB and the anti‐inflammatory effect on rat periodontitis .

Clinical effects on the prevention of alveolar bone absorption by site preservation after tooth extraction due to periodontitis / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To observe the clinical effects on prevention of alveolar bone absorption by site preservation after tooth extraction due to periodontitis.Methods The experimental group consisted of 40 patients with 45 extracted teeth due to periodontitis.The fresh sockets were immediately grafted and filled with Bio-oss collagen and Bio-Gide after minimally invasive tooth extraction,while 40 teeth of control group were only treated with cotton balls bitten tightly over the socket for half an hour.Two groups were observed for changes in alveolar bone density by X-ray and cone beam CT (CBCT)after 6 months.Results There were the wound healing and no infection in extraction site of all patients with or without site preservation operation.The gingiva of extraction site was pink and tough in all groups.The alveolar bone loss in regular extraction patients significantly increased in horizontal and vertical aspects by X-ray and CBCT,while site preservation improved the alveolar bone defects (P<0.05).After site preservation for 6 months,CBCT analysis showed that the density of new alveolar bone markedly enhanced compared with regular extraction group.Conclusion The technique of site preservation after tooth extraction due to periodontitis is a method which can prevent and reduce disuse atrophy absorption of the alveolar ridge so that the height and width of the alveolar bone can meet aesthetic requirements.

Progress in studies of viperin, an important cellular antiviral factor / 病毒学报

Viperin is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated protein that has been identified as an innate antiviral protein. Viperin expression can be largely upregulated by viruses, interferons, and oligonucleotides such as poly I:C and lipopolysaccharides. Viperin inhibits viral replication by interactiing with host cell proteins and several viral proteins, and disrupting the cell membrane system. It shows a broad-spectrum of antiviral activity. Some viruses have developed activities that counteract the action of viperin during a long- term period of evolution with hosts by impairing viperin expression. In addition to its antiviral effects, viperin has several other biological functions. This article review the basic characteristics of viperin and the state of current research into its antiviral effects, demonstrating the rapid progress that has been made in this field.

Effect of spvB/spvC gene on Salmonella virulence and the host immune function / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJEVTIVE</b>To study the effect of spvB/spvC gene on Salmonella virulence and the Host immune.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>STM.211, STM.211-Delta;spvB, STM.211-Delta;spvC, STM.211-Delta;spvB.spvC and PBS were infected with 0.2 mL 10(5) CFU corresponding strain respectively by intraperitoneal. We observed the mental status, movement, diarrhea, weight, pelage changed hair of the infected mouse. Then the level of IL-10, IL-12, IFN-γ were detected by ELISA. Finally, we observe the pathological changes of liver and spleen with the general view and the microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Infection symptoms of STM.211, STM.211-Delta;spvB and STM.211-Delta;spvC were significantly worse than PBS group, but there was no significant difference between STM.211-spvB.spvC group and PBS group. The secretion of IFN-γ and IL-12 of STM.211, STM.211-Delta;spvB, STM.211-Delta;spvC group were significantly lower than those in the STM.211-Delta;spvB.spvC group (P<0.05), but IL-10 secretion was significantly higher than STM.211-Delta;spvB.spvC group (P<0.05). There were no statistical significance among the STM.211, STM.211-Delta;SpvB, STM.211-Delta;spvC groups (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Salmonella virulence can be affected obviously by spvB combined with spvC gene, but not by spvB or spvC. spvB/spvC gene can inhibit the TH1 cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-12) secretion but promote the TH2 cytokines (IL-10) expression, leading immune response trend to TH2 shift. It shows that spvB/spvC gene can help the bacteria evade the host immune defenses, leading to aggravation of infection.</p>

Clinical efficacy of tamsulosin hydrochloride sustained release tablets in treatment of premature ejaculation / 中华泌尿外科杂志

ObjectiveTo study the efficacy of different doses of tamsulosin hydrochloride sustained release tablets for treatment of premature ejaculation (PE). MethodsEighty PE patients from September 2010 to January 2011 were divided into two groups randomly,the 0.2 mg dose group and the 0.4 mg dose group.The therapeutic effect was assessed by the changes of the patients' CIPE-5 scores.ResultsThe intra-vaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT) of the two groups were (0.98 ± 0.47 ) and ( 0.89 ± 0.47 ) min respectively before treatment,and (4.40 ± 1.86 ) and (6.40 ± 5.10) min respectively after treatment.There were significant differences ( P ＜ 0.01 ).As for satisfaction degree of sexual life,lessening the patients' sexual anxiety and nervousness,and decreasing the difficulty in retarding ejaculation,the group of 0.4 mg had better effect than the other group.ConclusionLarge dose of tamsulosin hydrochloride sustained release tablets could prolong IELT and increase the sexual satisfaction.

PLOD2 is involved in human skin fibrosis / 基础医学与临床

Objective To discuss the relationship between the expression of PLOD2 and the formation of collagen I in the scar. Methods To detect the mRNA expression of PLOD2 and COLIα1 in the scar and normal skin tis-sue, as well as the content of COLIα1 by RT-PCR and Western blot; design and synthesize three kinds of PL0D2 ASODN targeted at the translational initiation, the joint of the first and the second exons and termination codon re-spectively , transfected into NIH/3T3 mouse fibroblast cell and detect the mRNA expression of COLIα1 and forma-tion of collagen I by RT-PCR and Western blot. Results The expression of PLOD2 in the scar tissue was signifi-cantly higher than that in the normal tissue ( P < 0. 05 ) , three kinds of ASODNs showed inhibitory effects on the mRNA expression of COLIα1 and formation of collagen I in fibroblast (P <0. 05) , during which the repressive ef-ficiency of ASODN targeted against the translational initiation was the highest (P <0. 001) ; while the mRNA ex-pression level of COLIα1 did not change in the scar tissue, normal tissue and the groups treated with three kinds of ASODN. Conclusion The high expression of PLOD2 is tightly related to the formation of collagen I , PLOD2 ASODN can suppress the formation of collagen I post-transcriptionally.